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 Kozi Checks & Balances TaxTactics News 
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March 21.2025
2 Minutes Read

Exploring Reform Options for Inflation Reduction Act Tax Credits

U.S. Capitol dome and American flag symbolizing Inflation Reduction Act reforms.

Understanding the Inflation Reduction Act

The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) aims to address the steadily rising prices of goods and services, commonly known as inflation. This act introduced new tax breaks intended to support various sectors, especially green energy. However, with projected costs far exceeding earlier estimates, policymakers find themselves at a crossroads. How to reform these initiatives to better serve the economy while curbing potential excesses is a topic of intense debate.

Current Landscape of Tax Credits

Debate around the IRA centers on its green energy tax credits, which many argue are essential for promoting sustainable practices. Yet, the financial implications are significant—current estimates suggest that these credits may cost up to $1.97 trillion over a decade. This brings forth the dilemma: do these credits justify their cost, or is it time to rethink their effectiveness?

The Repeal Debate: A Double-Edged Sword

Full repeal of the IRA's green energy tax credits could potentially generate $851 billion between 2025 and 2034. Yet, there are mixed opinions surrounding this approach. While some lawmakers advocate for total repeal, others suggest a more nuanced strategy—retaining successful programs while eliminating those that fall short. House Speaker Mike Johnson articulated this balance succinctly, stating the reform should be “somewhere between a scalpel and a sledgehammer.”

Potential Benefits of Reform

Revising or repealing ineffective tax credits may help allocate government resources more wisely. The key question is whether replacing or repealing these initiatives will stimulate more substantial economic growth without exacerbating the current inflationary pressures. Discussions focus on reallocating funds to areas that can yield immediate benefits for taxpayers and communities.

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11.12.2025

Why States Should Preserve R&D Tax Deductions to Boost Corporate Growth

Update Understanding the Importance of R&D Tax Deductions Research and development (R&D) tax deductions are crucial for encouraging innovation within states. By providing businesses the opportunity to fully expense their R&D expenditures, states can create an environment that promotes growth and technological advancements. This approach is not just beneficial for the businesses receiving these benefits; it also contributes to the overall economy by fostering an ecosystem of innovation. Historical Context: R&D Deductions and Corporate Tax Revenue Historically, R&D deductions have been an integral part of corporate tax structures across the United States. From 1954 to 2022, these provisions played a significant role in shaping the corporate landscape, allowing businesses to invest more freely in the innovation that helps drive our economy forward. The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) of 2017 provided new opportunities with a broader tax base and lower rate. Thus, as legislators contemplate changes related to the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA), it's essential to remember the historical context that underscores the value of maintaining R&D deductions. The Impact of Maintaining R&D Deductions on Local Economy Maintaining R&D deductions can create a domino effect that impacts local economies significantly. When companies are rewarded for investing in innovation, they are more likely to hire local employees, expand operations, and invest in community projects. The potential decline in corporate tax revenue from decoupling R&D deductions may be immediately apparent, but the long-term effects on job creation and local investment are invaluable. Communities benefit when companies in those areas thrive. Counterarguments: The Case for Decoupling Some lawmakers argue that decoupling from the OBBBA’s expensing provisions is necessary to protect corporate tax revenues. They fear that the perceived loss of revenue early on could lead to budget deficits. However, a holistic view reveals that the long-term economic benefits of supporting R&D far outweigh any short-term financial concerns. A robust R&D environment can lead to new technologies and companies that drive tax revenue in the future. Future Predictions: What Lies Ahead Looking forward, the conversation surrounding R&D tax deductions will likely intensify as states continue to balance innovation with fiscal responsibility. As states assess the economic impact of these deductions, the hope is for a consensus that recognizes the pivotal role of innovation in today’s economy. If legislators maintain their commitment to R&D, they may find that their treasuries benefit as new technologies emerge and corporations flourish.

11.11.2025

Cigarette Smuggling: Unpacking the Costly Consequences for States

Update The Price of Smuggling: Billions Lost to States Cigarette smuggling isn't just a crime; it's an ongoing financial crisis for many states across the United States. Over the past 17 years, states have forfeited a staggering $83.8 billion due to this illicit market, with an average loss of roughly $4.93 billion annually. The numbers are particularly concerning for states with high cigarette tax rates; New York stands out as the largest loser, missing out on $21.95 billion in excise tax revenue. California follows closely with $14.27 billion lost. Understanding the Smuggling Dynamics The reasons behind such significant losses relate to the stark differences in tax rates across states. As state taxes rise, smokers often turn to nearby low-tax states, increasing opportunities for smuggling both through individual purchase and organized crime. In fact, California now leads the nation in cigarette smuggling, with approximately 52.5% of cigarettes consumed in the state obtained illegally. The Impact of Counterfeit Goods Compounding the issue are the organized criminal enterprises involved in smuggling. Many of these groups sell counterfeit cigarettes that not only bypass tax revenues but can also pose serious health risks, as these products may contain harmful substances. According to recent reports, illicit markets have flourished when legitimate businesses are burdened by high taxes and regulation, forcing consumers into the arms of criminals. Insights from Neighboring States Interestingly, states like New Hampshire have benefited from smuggling-related revenue, generating over $1 billion since 2007. This highlights that while some states are suffering, others are capitalizing on cross-border shopping dynamics, bringing to light the mixed impact of cigarette taxes. How Policy Affects Smuggling Patterns Focusing on tobacco-related policies, states continue to explore tougher regulations. However, past experiences in California and Massachusetts with flavor bans show that such moves can increase smuggling, as consumers seek out illicit alternatives. It's crucial for policymakers to consider the broader implications of their tax and regulatory environments.

11.06.2025

Chicago's New Head Tax and Social Media Tax: A Threat to Local Business Growth

Update Understanding the Proposed Tax Increases in Chicago As Chicago prepares for its 2026 budget, a series of proposed tax hikes have raised eyebrows and concerns among local businesses and residents. Mayor Brandon Johnson’s plan includes a new employer head tax, a tax on social media companies, and an increase in the cloud tax. These measures are aimed at addressing the city's growing budget deficit, but many fear they could have devastating effects on employment and innovation. Head Tax: A Burden on Employers The proposed business head tax, known as the Community Safety Surcharge, would impose a flat fee of $21 per employee per month on companies with 100 or more full-time workers in Chicago. For businesses employing 100 people, this translates to over $25,000 in additional taxes each year. Critics argue that this tax would deter hiring, particularly for smaller businesses close to the threshold that separates them from the tax burden. As pointed out by experts, taxing employment can lead to layoffs and potentially push businesses to relocate outside of the city limits, ultimately harming Chicago’s economy. Social Media Tax: Targeting Innovation In an unprecedented move, Mayor Johnson has also proposed a new tax on social media companies, which would charge 50 cents per active user for those platforms with over 100,000 users in Chicago. This innovative sector, known for fostering creativity and connection, could be stifled by punitive taxation that doesn’t consider the broader benefits these platforms provide to society. Analysts fear such a “sin tax” could merely shift financial burdens onto consumers and stifle the growth of tech-driven businesses in the Windy City. Cloud Tax Increase: A Drain on Resources The mayor's budget also suggests increasing the so-called cloud tax, a levy on businesses and individuals using cloud services, from 11% to 14%. This hefty increase could cost companies and consumers an additional $333 million, making essential technology services more expensive and adding another hurdle for businesses already struggling post-pandemic. Like the proposed head tax, the implications could result in companies making less favorable decisions that could ultimately harm job creation and economic recovery. Potential Consequences of the Proposed Taxes Experts warn that implementing these taxes will not just be a blow to businesses; they could lead to a negative ripple effect throughout the local economy. Increased operational costs for businesses often lead to lower wages for employees and higher prices for consumers. Additionally, a heavy taxation burden can drive established companies to seek opportunities in friendlier tax environments. A Call for Economic Growth Instead of relying on punitive measures, local policymakers should seek sustainable revenue streams that prioritize long-term economic growth. The community’s well-being flourishes when businesses can invest, innovate, and hire employees without the weight of excessive taxation. The challenge lies in crafting policies that support this growth rather than stifle it. In summary, as Chicago navigates its budgetary challenges, the types of taxes proposed could have lasting impacts not only on the economy but on the quality of life within the city. Policymakers must balance necessary funding with a tax environment that encourages growth and attracts new businesses.

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